Ovarian Cyst Removal Laparoscopic Surgery
What are ovarian cysts?
Ovarian cysts are closed, sac-like structures within an ovary that contain a liquid, or semisolid substance. In fact, an ovarian cyst is a larger fluid-filled sac (more than 3 cm in diameter) that develops on or in an ovary. A cyst can vary in size from a few centimeters to the size of a large melon. Ovarian cysts may be thin-walled and only contain fluid (known as a simple cyst) or they may be more complex, containing thick fluid, blood or solid areas.
What is Laparoscopic Ovarian Cystectomy?
An ovarian cystectomy is surgery to remove a cyst or cysts from 1 or both of your ovaries. Laparoscopic surgery is a minimally invasive surgery technique that only uses a few small incisions in your lower abdomen. It may offer faster recovery times than open surgery, which uses a larger abdominal incision.
About Iranian Surgery
Iranian surgery is an online medical tourism platform where you can find the best Surgeons in Iran. The price of a Laparoscopic Ovarian Cystectomy in Iran can vary according to each individual’s case and will be determined based on photos and an in-person assessment with the doctor. So if you are looking for the cost of Laparoscopic Ovarian Cystectomy in Iran, you can contact us and get free consultation from Iranian surgery.
Before Laparoscopic Ovarian Cystectomy
Symptoms of an ovarian cyst
An ovarian cyst usually only causes symptoms if it splits (ruptures), is very large or blocks the blood supply to the ovaries.
In these cases, you may have:
. Pelvic pain – this can range from a dull, heavy sensation to a sudden, severe and sharp pain.
. Pain during sex
. Difficulty emptying your bowels
. A frequent need to urinate
. Heavy periods, irregular periods or lighter periods than normal
. Bloating and a swollen tummy
. Feeling very full after only eating a little
. Difficulty getting pregnant – although fertility is unaffected in most women with ovarian cysts.
Why it’s done
Reasons for Procedure
An ovarian cyst may need to be removed if it is:
. Suspected of being cancerous —the chances are more likely in older woman.
. Large—more than 2.5 inches in diameter
. Solid—rather than containing just fluid
. Causing pain
Diagnosis
A cyst on your ovary can be found during a pelvic exam. Depending on its size and whether it’s fluid filled, solid or mixed, your doctor likely will recommend tests to determine its type and whether you need treatment. Possible tests include:
. Pregnancy test. A positive test might suggest that you have a corpus luteum cyst.
. Pelvic ultrasound. A wandlike device (transducer) sends and receives high-frequency sound waves (ultrasound) to create an image of your uterus and ovaries on a video screen. Your doctor analyzes the image to confirm the presence of a cyst, help identify its location and determine whether it’s solid, filled with fluid or mixed.
. Laparoscopy. Using a laparoscope — a slim, lighted instrument inserted into your abdomen through a small incision — your doctor can see your ovaries and remove the ovarian cyst. This is a surgical procedure that requires anesthesia.
. CA 125 blood test. Blood levels of a protein called cancer antigen 125 (CA 125) often are elevated in women with ovarian cancer. If your cyst is partially solid and you’re at high risk of ovarian cancer, your doctor might order this test.
Elevated CA 125 levels can also occur in noncancerous conditions, such as endometriosis, uterine fibroids and pelvic inflammatory disease.
Risk factors
Your risk of developing an ovarian cyst is heightened by:
. Hormonal problems. These include taking the fertility drug clomiphene (Clomid), which is used to cause you to ovulate.
. Pregnancy. Sometimes, the cyst that forms when you ovulate stays on your ovary throughout your pregnancy.
. Endometriosis. This condition causes uterine endometrial cells to grow outside your uterus. Some of the tissue can attach to your ovary and form a growth.
. A severe pelvic infection. If the infection spreads to the ovaries, it can cause cysts.
. A previous ovarian cyst. If you’ve had one, you’re likely to develop more.
Risks and Complications
Complications are rare, but no procedure is completely free of risk. If you are planning to have an ovarian cyst removed, your doctor will review a list of possible complications, which may include:
. Infection
. Bleeding
. Cyst returns after it is removed
. Need for removal of one or both ovaries
. Infertility
. Blood clots
. Damage to other organs
Preparing for ovarian cyst removal
You will get some information from your hospital explaining how to prepare for your operation. If you smoke, for example, you’ll be asked to stop smoking. Smoking increases your risk of getting an infection after surgery, which can slow down your recovery. It can also lead to complications.
Ovarian cysts are usually done as a day-case procedure. This means you can probably go home on the same day, although sometimes an overnight stay is needed.
Before you go in, make arrangements to have a friend or family member take you home from hospital after your procedure. And make sure there can be someone at home with you for the first 24 hours.
The operation is done under general anaesthesia, so you’ll be asleep while it’s going on. You’ll be asked to follow fasting instructions. This usually means not eating or drinking anything other than clear fluids for about six hours before your surgery. You can usually drink water up to two hours before your surgery, but not after that. It’s important to follow any advice your hospital gives you.
You may be asked to wear compression stockings to help prevent blood clots forming in the veins in your legs.
Your gynaecologist will discuss with you what will happen before, during and after your procedure, including any pain you might have. If you’re unsure about anything, don’t be afraid to ask. No question is too small. It’s important that you feel fully informed so you feel happy to give your consent for the procedure to go ahead. You may be asked to do this by signing a consent form.
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During Laparoscopic Ovarian Cystectomy
During Procedure
General anesthesia will be used. It will block pain and keep you asleep through the surgery. It will be given through an IV in your hand or arm. The procedure usually takes between 1-2 hours.
A small incision will be made just below the navel. Next, a laparoscope will be inserted. This is a thin tube with a camera on the end. To allow the doctor to better view the organs, carbon dioxide gas will be pumped into the abdomen. The laparoscope will be used to locate the cyst. When it is found, 1 or 2 more incisions will be made. Surgical instruments will be inserted to remove the cyst. Tissue may be removed for testing. If cancer is found, both ovaries may need to be removed. After the cyst is removed, the instruments will be removed. The incision area will be closed with stitches or staples.
In some cases, the doctor may switch to an open surgery. During an open surgery, a larger incision will be made in the abdomen to do the surgery.
What are the alternatives to ovarian cyst removal?
If an ovarian cyst isn’t causing you any symptoms, your gynaecologist may suggest simply keeping an eye on it rather than having any treatment. You’ll be asked to attend regular ultrasound scan appointments to check whether the cyst goes away or changes in size. If you’re under 50, most ovarian cysts are likely to go away on their own within two or three months.
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After Laparoscopic Ovarian Cystectomy
What to expect afterwards
After Laparoscopic Ovarian Cystectomy, your nurse will make sure you’re not in pain and let you rest for a few hours. They’ll offer you something to eat and drink. You’ll usually be able to go later that day when you feel ready. Someone should drive you home and a friend or relative should stay with you overnight.
Your nurse will give you some advice about caring for your healing wounds before you go home. They’ll probably want to check that you can pass urine ok before you go home and may also give you some painkillers to take. You may be given a date for a follow-up appointment.
Having a general anesthetic affects everyone differently. You may find that you’re not so coordinated or that it’s difficult to think clearly. This should pass within 24 hours. In the meantime, don’t drive, drink alcohol, operate machinery or sign anything important. Always follow any advice you’re given by your gynaecologist or the hospital.
If your gynaecologist used dissolvable stitches, these will disappear on their own. Other stitches may need to be removed by the practice nurse at your GP surgery. This will usually be around five to seven days after your operation.
Recovering from Laparoscopic Ovarian Cystectomy
It takes time for your body to heal after surgery. Everyone is different. You may feel tired, and need to take a daytime nap for a few days after you get home.
But it’s also important for your recovery that you get up and about. Try taking a couple of short walks (10–15 minutes) in the first few days then building up gradually. By a week after surgery, most women can walk slowly and steadily for up to 60 minutes. After about two weeks, they are back to their normal levels of exercise. You should avoid heavy lifting for four weeks.
You’ll probably be able to go back to work a week after the procedure, but this may depend on the type of work you do. It may take a week or so more. If you have any questions about your recovery or when you can get back to particular activities, ask your gynecologist. It’s important to follow their advice.
If you need pain relief, you can take over-the-counter painkillers such as paracetamol or ibuprofen. Always read the patient information that comes with your medicine and if you have any questions, ask your pharmacist.
Call Your Doctor
After you leave the hospital, contact your doctor if any of the following occurs:
. Signs of infection, including fever and chills
. Redness, swelling, increasing pain, excessive bleeding, or discharge from the incision site.
. Pain that you cannot control with the medications you have been given
. Increased vaginal bleeding or discharge
. Cough, shortness of breath, chest pain
. Nausea and/or vomiting that you cannot control with the medications you were given after surgery, or which last for more than 2 days after discharge from the hospital.
. Headaches, muscle aches, lightheadedness, or general ill feeling
. Constipation or abdominal swelling
. Vomiting
. Urinary difficulties
. Onset of pain or swelling in one or both legs
. New, unexplained symptoms
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