peripheral angioplasty procedure
What is peripheral angioplasty?
Preparing for the peripheral angioplasty
After the peripheral angioplasty procedure
Risks of peripheral angioplasty procedure
How long does angioplasty of the leg take?
Is Angioplasty an outpatient procedure?
What is peripheral angioplasty?
Angioplasty is a procedure to open narrowed or blocked blood vessels that supply blood to your legs. Fatty deposits can build up inside the arteries and block blood flow. A stent is a small, metal mesh tube that keeps the artery open.
Angioplasty and stent placement are two ways to open blocked peripheral arteries.
Angioplasty uses a medical "balloon" to widen blocked arteries. The balloon presses against the inside wall of the artery to open the space and improve blood flow. A metal stent is often placed across the artery wall to keep the artery from narrowing again.
To treat a blockage in your leg, angioplasty can be done in the following:
- Aorta, the main artery that comes from your heart
- Artery in your hip or pelvis
- Artery in your thigh
- Artery behind your knee
- Artery in your lower leg
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Before the peripheral angioplasty procedure in Iran
Preparing for the peripheral angioplasty
During the 2 weeks before surgery:
- Tell your provider what medicines you are taking, even drugs, supplements, or herbs you bought without a prescription.
- Tell your provider if you are allergic to seafood, if you have had a bad reaction to contrast material (dye) or iodine in the past, or if you are or could be pregnant.
- Tell your provider if you are taking sildenafil (Viagra), vardenafil (Levitra), or tadalafil (Cialis).
- Tell your provider if you have been drinking a lot of alcohol (more than 1 or 2 drinks a day).
- You may need to stop taking drugs that make it harder for your blood to clot 2 weeks before surgery. These include aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), clopidogrel (Plavix), Naprosyn (Aleve, Naproxen), and other medicines like these.
- If you smoke, you must stop. Ask your provider for help.
DO NOT drink anything after midnight the night before your surgery, including water.
On the day of your surgery:
- Take your medicines your provider told you to take with a small sip of water.
- You will be told when to arrive at the hospital.
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During the peripheral angioplasty procedure
Peripheral angioplasty procedure
Your body isn't cut open except for a very small incision in the skin over a blood vessel in the leg, arm or wrist through which a small, thin tube (catheter) is threaded and the procedure performed. Angioplasty can take up to several hours, depending on the difficulty and number of blockages and whether any complications arise.
Angioplasty is performed by a heart specialist (cardiologist) and a team of specialized cardiovascular nurses and technicians in a special operating room called a cardiac catheterization laboratory. This room is often called the Cath lab.
Angioplasty is commonly performed through an artery in your groin (femoral artery). Less commonly, it may be done using an artery in your arm or wrist area. Before the procedure, the area is prepared with an antiseptic solution and a sterile sheet is placed over your body.
A local anesthetic is injected to numb the area where the catheter will be inserted. Small electrode pads are placed on your chest to monitor your heart during the procedure.
General anesthesia isn't needed. You'll be sedated but awake during the procedure. You'll receive fluids, medications to relax you and blood-thinning medications (anticoagulants) through an IV catheter. Then, the procedure begins:
- After numbing the incision area, a small needle is used to access an artery in your leg or arm. A small cut is made in the skin.
- Your doctor then threads a thin guidewire followed by a catheter into the artery until it reaches the blockage in your heart.
- You might feel pressure in the area where the catheter is inserted, but you shouldn't feel sharp pain. Tell your doctor if you do. You also won't feel the catheter in your body.
- A small amount of dye is injected through the catheter. This helps your doctor look at the blockage on X-ray images called angiograms.
- A small balloon at the end of the catheter is inflated, widening the blocked artery. After the artery is stretched, the balloon is deflated and removed. Your doctor might inflate and deflate the balloon several times before it's removed, stretching the artery a bit more each time.
If you have several blockages, the procedure may be repeated at each blockage. Because the balloon temporarily blocks blood flow to part of your heart, it's not uncommon to experience chest pain while it's inflated.
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Peripheral angioplasty with Stent placement in Iran
Most people who have angioplasty also have a stent placed in their blocked artery during the same procedure. The stent is usually inserted in the artery after it's widened by the inflated balloon.
The stent supports the walls of your artery to help prevent it from re-narrowing after the angioplasty. The stent looks like a tiny coil of wire mesh.
Coronary artery stent in Iran
Here's what happens:
- The stent, which is collapsed around a balloon at the tip of the catheter, is guided through the artery to the blockage.
- At the blockage, the balloon is inflated and the spring-like stent expands and locks into place inside the artery.
- The stent stays in the artery permanently to hold it open and improve blood flow to your heart. In some cases, more than one stent may be needed to open a blockage.
- Once the stent is in place, the balloon catheter is removed and more images (angiograms) are taken to see how well blood flows through your newly widened artery.
- Finally, the guide catheter is removed, and the procedure is completed.
After your stent placement, you may need prolonged treatment with medications, such as aspirin or clopidogrel (Plavix) to reduce the chance of blood clots forming on the stent.
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After the peripheral angioplasty procedure in Iran
Many people are able to go home from the hospital in 2 days or less. Some people may not even have to stay overnight. You should be able to walk around within 6 to 8 hours after the procedure. The general angioplasty recovery time is about two weeks, but this can change based on your condition.
Risks of peripheral angioplasty procedure in Iran:
- Allergic reaction to the drug used in a stent that releases medicine into your body
- Allergic reaction to the x-ray dye
- Bleedingor clotting in the area where the catheter was inserted
- Blood clotin the legs or the lungs
- Damage to a blood vessel
- Damage to a nerve, which could cause pain or numbness in the leg
- Damage to the artery in the groin, which may need urgent surgery
- Heart attack
- Infection in the surgical cut
- Kidney failure(higher risk in people who already have kidney problems)
- Misplacement of the stent
- Stroke(this is rare)
- Failure to open the affected artery
- Loss of limb
Peripheral Vascular Stent Insertion
Various peripheral arterial occlusive lesions have traditionally been managed with surgical therapy. However, endoluminal intervention with catheter-based techniques has become quite common and, in many cases, is now the treatment of choice. Several interventional products are available for the endovascular specialist, but balloons and stents make up the core of these technologies.
Placement of a metal stent across a stenotic or occluded blood vessel is intended to maintain the patency of the vessel and reestablish flow through it by providing internal structural support. This article discusses the indications, contraindications, anesthesia, necessary equipment, positioning, techniques, and potential complications of endovascular stent placement
How long does angioplasty of the leg take?
Angioplasty usually takes about 30 to 45 minutes to perform, but it can be longer depending on how complex your procedure is. You will lie on a table, awake but mildly sedated. A local anesthetic will be applied to numb an area on your upper leg or on your arm or wrist.
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Is Angioplasty an outpatient procedure?
Angioplasty opens blocked arteries and restores normal blood flow to your heart muscle. It is not major surgery. It is done by threading a catheter (thin tube) through a small puncture in a leg or arm artery to the heart. Angioplasty can be an outpatient procedure for low-risk patients.
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10 common questions about peripheral angioplasty procedure in Iran
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